Cybercrime and Criminal Justice in India: Challenges and Emerging Trends Author Cybercrime, Criminal Justice System, Digital Evidence, Cybersecurity, Information Technology Act, Cyber Forensics, Artificial Intelligence. Cybercrime has emerged as a major challenge to India’s criminal justice system as rapid digitalisation expands opportunities for communication, commerce, governance, and financial transactions. This paper examines the changing nature of cyber offences in India and evaluates the capacity of existing legal and institutional mechanisms to prevent, investigate, prosecute, and adjudicate such crimes. It discusses common forms of cybercrime, including online financial fraud, phishing, identity theft, ransomware, data breaches, cyberstalking, social media abuse, and technology-assisted organised crime. The study also analyses the role of the Information Technology Act, 2000, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, and other relevant regulatory measures. Particular attention is given to problems relating to jurisdiction, digital evidence, forensic capacity, cross-border investigations, underreporting, privacy, and delays in trial. The paper further considers emerging risks associated with artificial intelligence, deepfakes, cryptocurrency, cloud systems, and the Internet of Things. It argues that effective cybercrime control requires updated laws, trained investigators, accredited forensic laboratories, stronger inter-agency coordination, international cooperation, public awareness, and safeguards for constitutional rights. It adopts a doctrinal and analytical research methodology throughout. The study concludes by proposing a balanced, technology-responsive, and rights-based criminal justice approach for India. International Journal of Law, Human Rights and Social Sciences Research 2026-03-30 Text application/pdf 10.65919/ijlhssr.2026.v2i1001 en