Victim rights constitute an essential element of a fair, humane, and accountable criminal justice system. This paper examines the legal protection available to victims within the Indian criminal justice framework and evaluates the extent to which existing laws recognise victims as active rights bearing participants rather than merely as informants or prosecution witnesses. The study analyses the constitutional foundation of victim protection under Articles 14, 21, and 39A of the Constitution of India, along with relevant provisions of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. It also considers specialised protections available under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, and the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. Particular attention is given to victims’ rights concerning complaint registration, investigation updates, legal aid, privacy, medical assistance, participation in trial, compensation, appeal, witness protection, and rehabilitation. The study finds that although India has developed a broad legal framework for victim protection, practical barriers such as procedural delay, institutional insensitivity, intimidation, inadequate awareness, inconsistent compensation, and weak coordination continue to limit its effectiveness. It concludes that stronger implementation, victim sensitive training, timely compensation, regular case information, and coordinated institutional support are necessary to achieve meaningful victim-centred justice.