Concern
Conflict of Interest Mismanagement
Handling or reviewing a manuscript despite an undisclosed personal, professional, financial, institutional, supervisory, competitive or collaborative conflict.
Concern
Breach of Confidentiality
Sharing manuscript files, review comments, author identity, reviewer identity, editorial notes or unpublished research with unauthorized persons.
Concern
Biased or Unfair Editorial Decision
Using personal preference, discrimination, hostility, favoritism, institutional pressure or non-academic grounds to influence manuscript handling.
Concern
Manipulation of Peer Review
Using fabricated reviewer identities, inappropriate reviewer suggestions, coercive reviewer selection, fake review accounts or review process manipulation.
Concern
Misuse of Unpublished Work
Using ideas, data, methods, figures, interpretations or confidential information from a submitted manuscript for personal advantage.
Concern
Improper Communication
Harassment, coercion, threats, discriminatory language, inappropriate demands, payment-linked pressure or misleading claims in editorial communication.
Concern
Undue Delay or Neglect
Unreasonable delay, failure to respond, repeated inaction or avoidable manuscript stagnation caused by editorial negligence without proper explanation.
Concern
Improper Citation or Metrics Pressure
Pressuring authors to cite specific journals, editors, reviewers or publisher content for non-scholarly reasons or artificial metric enhancement.
Concern
Inappropriate Acceptance or Rejection Pressure
Accepting or rejecting manuscripts due to payment, personal relationship, institutional pressure, guarantee claims, retaliation or external influence.
Concern
Failure to Escalate Serious Concerns
Ignoring credible concerns about plagiarism, data fabrication, authorship dispute, human participant protection, duplicate publication or research misconduct.